{"id":1742,"date":"2024-05-03T16:07:29","date_gmt":"2024-05-03T08:07:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vneat.org\/?p=1742"},"modified":"2024-05-03T17:53:23","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T09:53:23","slug":"su-phat-trien-cua-cong-nghe-tri-tue-nhan-tao-ai-nhung-co-hoi-va-thach-thuc-cho-chung-ta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vneat.org\/?p=1742","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI), nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho ch\u00fang ta"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn “Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng – Artificial Intelligence and Its applications” \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi 34 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1, bao g\u1ed3m sinh vi\u00ean, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u00ean sau ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c AI v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c li\u00ean quan, tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Ms Teams v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat g\u1ea7n 500 l\u01b0\u1ee3t theo d\u00f5i qua Fanpage c\u1ee7a VNEAT. H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o 3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: “Cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai”, “Tai v\u00e0 m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a AI: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn”, v\u00e0 “C\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb s\u1ed1”, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ba chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c AI: NCS. Mai T\u1ea5n H\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00e0i Loan, Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 Nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00f9ng Anh t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y \u0110\u00e0i B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc suy ng\u1eabm v\u00e0 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 VNEAT \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra sau bu\u1ed5i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, nh\u1eb1m chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tri s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI): Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (H\u00ecnh 1). V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, AI \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111em l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 1. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (Mai, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1eabu, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong AI bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (machine learning), m\u1ea1ng n\u01a1-ron nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (artificial neural networks) (H\u00ecnh 2), v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (natural language processing), gi\u00fap m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 \u201cDeep Learning\u201d \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a AI, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n y khoa, d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 2. M\u1ea1ng n\u01a1-ron nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 n\u01a1-ron trong n\u00e3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi (Mai, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a AI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ba l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh: t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi-m\u00e1y, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (H\u00ecnh 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 3. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a AI trong cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 4 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 5 (Mai, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong>
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111ang d\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cao v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadp li\u1ec7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc. Theo d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a s\u1ebd l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 73 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 (H\u00ecnh 4). Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u0169ng \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p AI, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. AI c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 4. AI thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai (Mai, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng AI, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean<\/strong>
S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, thi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro an ninh th\u00f4ng tin. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 huynh, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 an ninh th\u00f4ng tin cho h\u1ecdc sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, n\u00ean h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1edbm h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc sinh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng tin, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp thu v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi.
Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n nay nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng video v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung nh\u1ea3m nh\u00ed tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y nghi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb d\u1eabn d\u1eaft, theo d\u00f5i, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp th\u00f4ng tin, m\u1ea5t \u0111i th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, cho h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cn\u00f4 l\u1ec7\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 cho gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i AI<\/strong>
\u0110\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng sau \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, c\u1ea7n r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1eddi gian. Th\u1ee9 hai, th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Th\u1ee9 3, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Th\u1ee9 4, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u00f3m c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Th\u1ee9 5, \u00fd th\u1ee9c cao v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng tin. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef-Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c (Vision-Language Models) [VLMs] l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 giao thoa ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n, hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thay th\u1ebf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. VLMs c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh th\u00f4ng qua h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a VLMs l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, Chat GPT l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean VLMs. VLMs c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n, ch\u00fa th\u00edch h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, vi\u1ebft th\u01a1, vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong video\/\u1ea3nh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng an ninh. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf, VLMs c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh y t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. VMLs h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, vv. (H\u00ecnh 5). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u AI, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) c\u1ee7a OpenAI v\u00e0 ViLT (Vision-and-Language Transformer) c\u1ee7a Google l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 minh ch\u1ee9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng n\u01a1-ron s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 5. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MMMU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 VLMs (Le, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf VLMs<\/strong>
C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf VLMs \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, cho ph\u00e9p di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1eed l\u00fd ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u01a1-ron t\u00edch ch\u1eadp (CNNs) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (ViTs) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a. Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf VLMs l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i sau \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp s\u00e2u h\u01a1n gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 cho t\u1eebng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00fa \u00fd ch\u00e9o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a VLM th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ec9nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef-h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n, n\u01a1i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh-v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chung, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Sau khi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ban \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ec9nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fa th\u00edch h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, l\u00e0m cho VLMs tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tinh vi. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a VLMs \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau, MMMU l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a VLMs (H\u00ecnh 5).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho VLMs<\/strong>
T\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc. Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 video \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n, VLMs c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea3nh quan v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 ImageNet, Visual Genome, COCO \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Cityscapes v\u00e0 ADE20K, c\u00e1c VLMs c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea3nh quan v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 video (H\u00ecnh 6).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 6. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a AI (Le, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. C\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi y t\u1ebf. T\u00edch h\u1ee3p AI trong y t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh y t\u1ebf. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c, AI s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a y t\u1ebf c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng AI trong ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf<\/strong>
Sai s\u00f3t y khoa (Medical error) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nguy h\u1ea1i cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n sai, sai s\u00f3t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thu\u1ed1c, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy tr\u00ecnh y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Makary v\u00e0 nnk. (2016) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebft do sai s\u00f3t y khoa cao th\u1ee9 3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016 (H\u00ecnh 7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 7. Sai s\u00f3t y khoa n\u1eb1m trong top 3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016 (Nguyen, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Y h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (Precision Medicine) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p y h\u1ecdc c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Thay v\u00ec \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, y h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 di truy\u1ec1n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n (H\u00ecnh 8A).
PGS. Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00f9ng Anh v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI trong x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sai s\u00f3t y khoa (H\u00ecnh 8B, Huang v\u00e0 nnk., 2019; Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 nnk., 2013), ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ung th\u01b0 s\u1edbm (H\u00ecnh 8C, Li v\u00e0 nnk., 2022), v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb s\u1ed1 (H\u00ecnh 8D).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 8. Y h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf (Nguyen, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

D\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n AI trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf<\/strong>
D\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 b\u1ec7nh \u00e1n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh y khoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. C\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p AI y t\u1ebf<\/strong>
T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00e1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh y t\u1ebf, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u y t\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m AI ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9. H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI trong y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, y-b\u00e1c s\u0129, trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (H\u00ecnh 8D, 9).
C\u00e1c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 H\u1ed9i chuy\u00ean gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i Loan r\u1ea5t s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o. VNEAT r\u1ea5t mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 9. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p AI y t\u1ebf (Nguyen, 2024).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

L\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

VNEAT ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m \u01a1n di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c VNEAT, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (VISTIP) – B\u1ed9 KHCN v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p.
VNEAT xin \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3m \u01a1n s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 V\u0103n ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i B\u1eafc, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 BIDV, Vietnam Airlines, IET Taipei Local Network, SYM, VNEX, VIVUDIDU\u2026 trong th\u1eddi gian v\u1eeba qua.
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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Le, T.P., 2024. Eyes and Ears of AI: Building Advanced Vision-Language Model. Science and Technology Talking, Vietnamese Experts Association in Taiwan (VNEAT), No. 1, April 20th, 2024.
Li, Y.C., Hsuan-Chia, Y.A.N.G., Huang, C.W., Nguyen, P.A. and Liang, C.W., Taipei Medical University TMU, 2022. Computer-implemented method and computing device for predicting cancer. U.S. Patent Application 17\/001,463.
Mai, T.H., 2024. The AI adventure: Exploring Tomorrow’s Jobs. Science and Technology Talking, Vietnamese Experts Association in Taiwan (VNEAT), No. 1, April 20th, 2024.
Makary, M.A. and Daniel, M., 2016. Medical error\u2014the third leading cause of death in the US. Bmj, 353.
Nguyen, P.A., 2024. Bridging the Gaps between Academic and Industry: The Digital Health Translation (DHT) Platform. Science and Technology Talking, Vietnamese Experts Association in Taiwan (VNEAT), No. 1, April 20th, 2024.
Nguyen, P.A., Syed-Abdul, S., Iqbal, U., Hsu, M.H., Huang, C.L., Li, H.C., Clinciu, D.L., Jian, W.S. and Li, Y.C.J., 2013. A probabilistic model for reducing medication errors. PloS one, 8(12), p.e82401.
OpenAI. (2024). ChatGPT (3.5) [Large language model]. https:\/\/chat.openai.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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